[Abstract] Reducers are widely used in daily life, and are used in various mechanical systems in commercial production, such while: cars, ships, some large equipment and some factory creation lines. The range of the reducer is definitely extremely wide, from the transmitting of the larger power to the transmitting of the precise angle, the reducer can work very well. The internal structure of the reducer is certainly a variety of gears of different specifications. By interlocking the things, the rate insight from the input shaft can become reduced, and the rate can be reduced to the mechanised gadget through the result shaft, and the velocity can end up being noticed. . This paper primarily research the common faults of the reducer and lists several effective solutions.

Introduction
The main function of the reducer is to convert the power and provide the right power for the mechanical operation. When the reducer works, it generally depends on the equipment transformation velocity of different sizes, and finally the engine shaft rate reaches the needed range, and a sizable torque mechanism is certainly attained. In the current practical application, the reducer is utilized to transmit mechanised swiftness and convert mechanical power, and the program of the reducer is definitely more and even more popular. In the creation procedure of general commercial enterprises, the speed transformation and deceleration of the reducer are generally utilized to realize the speed transformation of several mechanical devices. Therefore, once the failure of the reducer will significantly affect the production activities of the business, it is certainly extremely important to make accurate judgments for the failing of the reducer and to find a remedy to make sure the regular operation of various devices.

1 Reducer common failure
1.1 Parts heat leaking
In order to enhance the functioning efficiency of the reducer, most reducer producers choose nonferrous components to produce the turbine of the reducer, and the material for manufacturing the worm is the harder steel. This causes the reducer to constantly rub and slip between the parts during the functioning procedure, which produces a lot of heat, and because the materials of the internal parts of the reducer are different, the degree of thermal growth of the materials is usually different, to ensure that the first fitted space between the parts It turns into smaller and continually wears out friction. At the same time, the lubricating essential oil between the parts is normally also affected by the temp rise, and the focus becomes thin, ensuing in oil leakage failing of the reducer.

1.2 Turbine wear failure
The materials used to help to make the worm equipment are generally non-ferrous metals, such as tin bronze alloy, and the worm is made of 45 metal, and in order to ensure the hardness, it will be quenched and its hardness can reach HRC45-55. When the reducer is in normal operation, the worm offers a high hardness, which causes long lasting friction with the turbine during operation, resulting in significant put on of the turbine. Since the turbine and the worm are key parts of the reducer, the use of the turbine can lead to a reduced support life of the reducer. In addition to the turbine and worm hardness mismatch, the turbine wear and tear, the reducer application and model, the reducer working time and the weight during the procedure of the reducer will produce different degrees of put on on the turbine of the reducer.

1.3 Drive small helical gear wear
This type of failure mainly occurs in vertical reducer equipment, which is due to certain problems in the type and amount of lubricant. When setting up the vertical reducer, the personnel will add a specific amount of lubricant to the inside. When the reducer is managed for a period of time, due to the usage of lubricating essential oil or leakage, the lubrication of the parts of the reducer is usually lacking. When the speed reducer stops operating, the lubricating essential oil will steadily drop to the bottom level of the reducer credited to gravity. When the rate reducer begins again, the top part of the gear or other parts lacks the safety of lubricating essential oil, which can be even more critical. Use and tear. In this way, not just will the taper pulleys lifestyle of the reducer end up being reduced, but also other complications will take place credited to friction between the parts.

1.4 Worm bearing damage
In the approach of failure of the reducer, even if the sealed box is well shielded, the gear oil might be emulsified, ensuing in damage, corrosion and corrosion of the bearing. This can be because the moisture generated by the unexpected chilling of the gear oil during the procedure of the reducer can be agglomerated.

2 Effective way to resolve the problem of reducer
2.1 Improve the working environment
The working environment will have a extremely large impact on the operating efficiency of the reducer. Dirt and good contaminants in the operating environment of the reducer will enter the inside of the machine through the space of the reducer casing. Since there are many viscous chemicals such as lubricating essential oil within the reducer, these small particles will adhere to the lubricating essential oil after entering. When the machine is usually operating, it will be sent to all parts of the reducer as the gear rotates, which will lead to an boost in the friction of the reducer parts, and ultimately the equipment unit will failure. As a result, in order to assure the normal operation of the reducer, the staff should pay attention to the working environment of the reducer. Especially in some dusty working environments, a protecting cover can become added to the reducer casing regarding to actual requirements to reduce the debris entering the machine and prevent dust from getting into the machine, which impacts the steady procedure of the machine. . In addition, if the functioning environment of the reducer can be fairly severe, after the daily work is definitely completed, it is certainly required to clean and check the reducer in period, generally to clean the dust attached to the body of the decrease gear to avoid the dirt and have an effect on the reducer. Normal procedure ensures steady operation of the reducer.

2.2 Improve the machining accuracy of the reducer
The common faults of the reducer also include the oil leakage of the chassis. The fundamental issue is normally generally caused by the issue of machining accuracy in the processing procedure of the reducer. As a result, when the reducer falls flat, the maintenance employees can trim the machining precision and enhance the machining precision of the reducer. First of all, in order to prevent essential oil leakage in the framework, the joint between the top and lower casings of the machine should be ground to ensure that the casing of the casing can end up being tightly engaged; second of all, in the process of installing the higher and lower casings of the reducer, a joint should end up being inserted at the joint of the casing. The sealing remove is usually then covered with a coating of sealant on the joint to type a closed continuous apron, which effectively eliminates the oil leakage on the container surface area and guarantees the dependability of the procedure of the reducer.

2.3 Improve the set up quality of the reducer
The unreasonable installation phase of the reducer is one of the biggest causes of the current failure of the reducer. Therefore, the company should pay attention to the set up procedure of the reducer to assure the reliability of the reducer. First of all, in the process of installation of the reducer, advanced measuring instruments should become fully utilized to strengthen the comprehensive inspection of the parts and the measurements of the parts of the reducer and the accuracy of the joint parts. For example, check the bones of the top and lower cabinets. The verticality and level between the shaft, the shaft and the bearing and the tolerance between the things; secondly, the installation and inspection power of the reducer should end up being improved, and the functionality should be checked before starting up. For example, the bolts at the connection part of the reducer show up loose, and should be reinforced in period. At the same time, the vibration level of the reducer is reduced by effective inspection, and the operation effect of the reducer is certainly improved to some extent. These tasks can efficiently promise the quality of the reducer installation and lay a solid base for the even procedure of the reducer.

2.4 Specification of installation and repair practices
In order to make sure the installation or repair quality of the reducer, the company needs to purchase the parts in person, and in the process of disassembling and installing the worm, the worm wheel and the bearing, try to avoid using a hammer and other tools to directly strike, so as not to affect the cooperation between these parts. tolerance. When replacing parts, pay out attention to the accessories that match the mechanical model. In the process of assembling the output bearing, it can be necessary to pay out interest to the mutual matching of the threshold ideals. When D≤50mm, L7/k6 is usually adopted; when D>50mmeters, L7/meters6 can be followed. At the same time, it is normally necessary to make use of reddish Dan oil and anti-adhesive agent to achieve the purpose of protecting the hollow shaft, and to prevent the put on and corrosion of the parts to a specific level, which is advantageous for disassembly and installation during maintenance.

Conclusion
In overview, many businesses want to use reducers in the production procedure. Nevertheless, credited to different factors, the reducer often has different errors during procedure, which significantly impacts the security and reliability of the reducer. It also affects the creation effectiveness and product quality of the organization. At this period, it can be necessary for the administration and maintenance staff to perform on-site inspections on a regular basis, and to discover out the trigger of the failure of the reducer, and instantly offer related maintenance and maintenance to prevent impacting the regular creation process.